Water cooled brake for draw works



Aug. 18, 1936. B. BOYKIN, JR

WATER COOLED BRAKE FOR DRAW WORKS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 23, 1933Aug. 18, 1936. B. BOYKIN, JR 2,051,286

WATER COOLED BRAKE FOR DRAW WORKS Filed June 23, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 21936. a. BOYKIN, JR

WATER COOLED BRAKE FOR DRAW WORKS 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 25, 1935mm v.0

A g- 8, 1936. B. BOYKIN, JR 2,051,286

WATER COOLED BRAKE FOR DRAW WORKS Filed June 23, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 4Patented Aug. 18, 1936 UNITED S'IYATES PATENT OFFICE 1 Claim.

drums employed particularly on the draw works of well drilling rigs. Theinvention is applicable generally to drums of this type.

It is an object of the invention to provide a brake to be employed withhoisting drums which is so constructed as to obtain the most efficientcooling of the braking surface during operation.

It is another object to provide a brake which is easily operated andregulated during the operation of the reel with which it is used.

I desire to provide a disc type of friction brake which can be operatedwithout experiencing the common difficulties encountered with the usualbrake drum. I desire to eliminate, so far as possible, the heavystarting and stopping inertia which is experienced with the common typeof brake.

I further desire to take the shock of application of the brake from theoperating lever so that danger resulting from the impact of the loadupon the drum may be removed from the operating control handled by thedriller.

It is a further object to provide a braking device which may be spacedfrom the end of the hoisting drum so that more room may be obtained fora full sized drum.

In the drawings herewith Fig. 1 is a front view partly in elevation andpartly in transverse section illustrating a hoisting drum with oneembodiment of my brake applied thereto.

' Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the drum shown in' Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an end view of a hoisting drum with a slightly differentembodiment of the invention used therewith.

Fig. 4 is a broken view in longitudinal section of one form of'mywater-cooled brake mounted upon the drum shaft.

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of a still different embodiment of theinvention. 7

It is to be understood that my invention may be app-lied generally tohoisting drums of large and small capacity. It may be used with drawworks connected with well drilling rigs of the two or three jackposttype. In Figs. 1 and 2 I have shown a draw works such as is employedwith the two jackpcst. type, the jackposts being shown at 1. Upon thesejackposts are mounted a line shaft 2 and a drum shaft 3. With referenceparticularly to Fig. 2, there is a jackshaft 4 mounted upon bearings 5secured upon the inclined post 6, said inclined post being secured atits lower end to the sill I and at its upper end to the jackpost I.

The line shaft 2 has thereon a cat-head 9 at My invention relates tobrakes used on hoisting each end thereof. Between the posts are mountedthe high speed gear 10, the actuatinggear II, the low speed gear l2, andthe additional actuating gear l3, arid it is to be understood that theline shaft 2 may be rotated through either of the .5 sprocket wheels Hor 13, depending upon the speed of rotation of the shaft 2 which isdesired.

The drum shaft 3 is operated through a high speed gear It or .the lowspeed gear I5 from the line shaft in the usual manner. Mounted upon 10the drum shaft between the posts I is the reel or drum l6. Said reel hasno brake drum at the end in the usual manner, the brake being set at theends of the shaft as will be presently described. There is, therefore,between the two 15 jackposts space upon which I contemplate mounting adrum l6 which is longer than usual and of large outer diameter. Saiddrum is mounted upon the shaft in the usual manner and will be rotatedat various speeds depending upon the particular 20 arrangement of thesprocket wheels through which the drum may be driven. It is to beunderstood that the sprocket wheels and 15 are adapted to be clutchedinto engagement with the shaft by clutches H and [8, respectively.

While it is desirable in some instances to employ a brake at only oneend of the drum, I. contemplate the use of two brake members, one ateach end of the drum shaft.

In Fig. 1 I have shown two brake members of 30 approximately identicalconstruction, one on each end of the shaft. Each of these brake memberscomprises a disc l9 fixed to the shaft and rotatable therewith. Saiddisc has. adjacent the outer margin thereof brake plates 20, one on eachside 35 of the disc made up of annular strips of brake lining secured tothe sides of the disc as will be understood from the drawings.

On opposite sides of the disc are the circular plates 21 which have hubs22 thereon mounted slidably upon the shaft 3. They are held nonrotatablerelative to the shaft by means of a link 23 as shown in Fig. 2. saidlink being extended downwardly and secured to a bracket 24 mounted uponthe sill 25. Each of these plates has adjacent the outer margin thereof,a water cooled friction member 24. With reference particularly to Fig. 1it will be seen that these two friction members have an inner face 25adjacent the brake lining upon the disc anda chamber 26 spacing thefriction wall from the main body of the plate. The chamber 26 is anannular closed chamber adapted to allow the circulation of coolingliquid therethrough. For this purpose, a pipe 21 is secured through thewall of the plate 2| and screwed within the outer wall' of the chamber25. A similar pipe 21a is secured to the lower portion of the chamber 25so that liquid may be circulated into one side of the circulatingchamber and out the other side so as to keep the friction surface 25constantly cooled through the circulation of the liquid.

It is to be noted that the friction member 24 is annular in. shape andsecured detachably to the plate 2| by bolts 25. This allows the frictionmember to be replaced when wear occurs.

The two plates 2| which support the friction members are movable towardand away from the disc I! by any desirable means, and I have shown the,two plates as being connected at intervals around their'outer margins bythrough-bolts 3|]. There are coiled springs 3| on each of these bolts Ibearing at their ends upon the plates 2| and tend ing to hold themresiliently apart. Beyond the outer plate 2| the bolts 30 are extendedand have thereon a pair of sleeves32 and 33, the adjacent surfaces ofwhich are cam-shaped as shown at 34, so that when the outer sleeve 35 isrotated relative 'to the sleeve 32 which is integral with plate 2|, the

plates will be forced toward each other so as to The outer sleeve 33 isrotated by means of a crank arm 35 thereon secured by means of a link 35to a crank arm 31 mounted on a collar 35 rotatable upon the drum shaft3.

As will be seen from Fig. 2, the collar 35 has four crank arms 31thereon, so that the rotation of the collar 35 will move all of saidcrank arms and through the links 35 the brake operating means willbe'actuated.

The collar 35 is rotatable on the shaft to apply or release the brakesby means of an arm 45 extending radially outward from the collar andconnected by means of a link 4| with the crank arm 42 upon the brakeshaft 43. It is to be understood that the brake shaft may be rotated toapply the brakes by any preferred means such as a pedal 01'', ifdesired, by hand lever not shown.

Upon the brake shaft is a crank arm 44 connected across beneath the drumto a similar crank arm 45 upon the shaft 45 by means of a link 41.

It is to be understood that the shaft 45 extends to the rear of the drumacross to the other end to transmit rotation to the brake at theopposite end of the brake drum, so that the two brakes may be operatedsimultaneously. This is the usual procedure, and need not be furtherdescribed. I

Between the brake and the adjacent jackpost at one end of the drumshaft, is an idler sprocket 45 to accommodate the drive chain betweenthe jackshaft 4 and the drilling rotary, not shown. This feature formsno part of the present invention.

In the operation of my drum the brake may be easily applied, and as thebrake members are at the ends of the shaft they take up very littlespace and do not interfere with the space occupied bythe brake drum. Forthat reason, the

reel may be materially longer than usual, and will accommodate a largeamount of cable without the winding of one layer of cable upon another.In this way I am enabled to prevent wear or injury to the cable muchmore effectively than could be done when the hoisting drum is shortenedso as to provide for brake drums at either end thereof. The brake isfurther capable of cooling in a most effective manner so that heatgenerated by the friction of the drum will be easily dissipated.

Another advantage lies in the lightness of the It will also be notedthat the application of the brake may be smooth and even, so that therewill be no jerking or kicking of the brake relative to the means bywhich the brakes are applied. The operator will not, therefore, beliable to injury from the slipping of the brake lever during theoperation of the device.

A feature of particular advantage connected with the device lies in thepositive and smooth control by which the operator can handle thehoisting device. It is much easier on the operator than is the usualtype of brake drum.

In Figs. 3 and 4-1 have shown a type of modiflcation of my brake adaptedfor use on lighter forms of hoisting drums. In this case there is uponthe disc 55 a friction member 5| upon one side only of the disc. Thisfriction member is shown as being made up of a plurality of layers ofbrake lining arranged approximately as seen in the modificationpreviously described. The

friction member cooperating with the disc 50 is mounted upon the'plate52, said plate havingan annular channel 53 thereon adjacent the outermargin, said channel being closed on the side tolink 55 secured to theplate at 51.

. The friction disc is moved toward the friction,

plate 54 by means of acam-shaped clutch including a collar 55 andajcoopierating collar 59 adjacent thereto, the .two' collars having adiagonally arranged cam surface cooperating with the other collar asshown at 55. The collar 59 is held from rotation on theshaft 3gby'meansof an arm 5| connected at 52 to the stationary frame member 52. 'li'hecollar 55 is rotated by means of an arm 53 thereon connected at itsouter end to a link 54 which is in turn connectedat 55 to a link 55 heldat its opposite end pivotally to the arm 5| by the pivot pin 51. The twolinks 54 and 55 form a toggle lever which is operated by a rod 55 tomove the collar 55 to apply the brake in an obvious manner.

To facilitate the operation of the clutch which applies the brake, Ihave shown anti-friction bearing members 59 and 15 at each side of thecooperating collars 55 and 59.

The operation of this device is quite similar to that of the devicepreviously described. The brake may be applied when desired by movingthe disc 55 against the friction member which acts as a snubber toresist the rotation of the drum shaft. It is possible to exert a lightor heavy pressure on the brake as desired, depending upon the load whichis being handled and on the speed of operation thereof. The device iscapable of easy and accurate operation which is is advisable to employthe usual brake drum and 75 to use the disc brake as a snubber inconnection therewith so that the usual brake drum will operate moresmoothly and efiectively. In Fig. 5, I have shown an installationwherein this combination is employed. This is what is ordinarily calledthe three jackpost installation. I have the two jackposts I, as shown inFig. 1 of the drawings, and in addition thereto is a third jackpost Iwhich serves to support one end of the line shaft 2'. The drum shaft isshown at 3. It is mounted in bearings upon the two jackposts as in theprevious embodiment and is adapted to be rotated by a sprocket chainconnection with the line shaft in the usual manner, this arrangement forrotation being no part of the present invention.

Mounted upon the shaft is a hoisting drum i 6. This drum has at each endthereof a brake drum 12, which is also of ordinary construction. Thereis upon the brake drum a brake band 13, which is anchored at one end, asshown at 14, and the other end thereof is connected at 15 to anoperating shaft 16. Said shaft 16 is supported for rotative movement inbearings 11 and has thereon a lever arm 18 within the control of theoperator. It is to be understood that the brake bands may be applied tothe drums by the movement of the brake lever 18 in the usual manner. Thedifiiculty with brakes of this character has been that they will seizeand operate with a jerking motion and are extremely hard to control bythe operator. I have found, however, that when the disc brake, which Ihave herein shown, is employed upon the end of the'shaft, as in Fig. 5,

it may be operated in combination with the old type of brake and thejerky movement of the band upon the drum may be avoided. I, there fore,contemplate the operation of the disc type of brake as a snubber inconnection with the old type of brake and am thus enabled to control thesmooth operation of the draw works with much less work to the operatorhandling the brakes. Thus, when the load is being lowered into the wellthe brake band may be tightened upon the drum sufficiently to allow theload to drop at an even rate and the application simultaneously of thedisc brake will not only increase the ease of control but will preventthe seizing of the brake bands upon the drum as is common where noadditional assistance is provided in the handling of the load. I,therefore, consider it an important arrangement whereby the two types ofbrakes may be used, one to supplement the other in simultaneouslycontrolling the loads which are encountered in well drilling operations.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

In a draw works installation for well drilling operations, a pluralityof jackposts, a drum shaft journaled for rotation thereon, a hoistingdrum on said shaft, a brake drum at each end of said hoisting drum,brake bands thereon and means to operate said brake bands, incombination with a snubbing device mounted adjacent the end of saidshaft, including a disc on said shaft and water cooled friction ringsadapted to be moved into contact with said disc.

BURWELL BOYKIN, J R.

